Castiglione is located at 710 metres above sea level and belongs to the old parish of Giovellina in Upper Corsica. It is a territory surmounted by medium-sized mountains, located at the foot of the Aiguilles de Rundinaia (1658 m). To the south of the village, there is the municipal forest of Castiglione, rich in holm oaks, pubescent oaks and larch pines.
The village is part of three natural zones of ecological, fauna and floristic interest: Massif des aiguilles Rundinaia, commune de Castiglione, Crêtes et hauts versants asylvatiques du Monte Cinto et Grotte a Sapara. In addition, Castiglione is part of the regional natural park of Corsica.
In this village there is a particular system of caves called A Sapara: its galleries cross the mountains for about fifty kilometres. Inside you can find many bats, some of which are endemic to Corsica and are considered protected species.
In the centre of the village there is the parish church of Our Lady of the Rosary (18th century), whose vault is divided into several spans. In addition, it is possible to visit the chapel of Saint Nicholas, near the village cemetery, and the chapel of Saint Salvator, built in Romanesque style.
Castiglione is crossed by the D118 road, which is the only road that allows you to reach the village. Castiglione is located at 47 km from Bastia and at 57 km from Île-Rousse.